Diana and Charles Cox faced a crucial decision in 2015 – where to retire. They settled on Phoenix due to its cost-effectiveness, excellent healthcare facilities, and international airport. The summer heat was expected, but unforeseen circumstances kept them in Phoenix during the scorching summer months.
The Escalating Problem
A growing older population, migration to hotter regions, and climate change are all contributing to an increase in the number of older Americans who are exposed to extreme heat. Phoenix has experienced an average of 108 days per year with temperatures over 100 degrees since 1970. This year, the situation has worsened, with 68 days already recording temperatures above 100 degrees by July 31.
The Challenges of a Hot Summer
For seniors like the Coxes, summer in the Phoenix suburbs has been challenging. The situation worsened this year as their home renovation project was delayed, forcing them to move into their R.V. for three months, starting in June. Medications commonly used by seniors can increase the risk of dehydration, coupled with their decreased ability to regulate body temperature.
The Deadly Consequences
Extreme heat is not merely uncomfortable; it can be deadly, particularly for seniors. Maricopa County recorded 425 heat-associated deaths last year, marking a 25 percent increase from the previous year. The aging population in states like Arizona, Nevada, and Texas reflects both the existing residents’ aging and the influx of new retirees.
Climate Change and Aging Population
The Census Bureau reported that between 2009 and 2019, the over-65 population increased by 52 percent in Arizona, 57 percent in Nevada, and 47 percent in Texas. This reflects both the aging of current residents and the continuing migration to these states. Climate change is exacerbating the situation by driving temperatures higher in traditionally moderate locations.
Vulnerabilities of Seniors to Extreme Heat
Seniors, especially those with chronic illnesses, face additional vulnerability to extreme heat. Their bodies are less efficient at regulating temperature due to reduced blood circulation to the skin and decreased sweating. Medications used to manage chronic conditions can contribute to dehydration, and mobility or cognitive issues may hinder seniors from seeking relief.
The Lethal Impact of Heat Waves
Heat waves are the deadliest form of weather in the United States, surpassing hurricanes, tornadoes, and wildfires. A study projected the impact of a major blackout during a powerful heat wave in Detroit, Atlanta, and Phoenix. Models suggest that more than 13,000 people, mostly older adults, could lose their lives in Phoenix due to the intense heat during such an event.
Retirement Preferences and Adaptability
Despite the hazards, seniors still choose to retire in warmer regions for various reasons. Many prioritize lower living costs and family proximity over the risk of heat waves. The desire for mild winters also motivates older adults to move to these areas.
Final Note
As climate change intensifies and temperatures continue to rise, older Americans are facing increased vulnerability to extreme heat in retirement destinations like Phoenix. It is essential for seniors to consider the risks and take proactive measures to ensure their safety and well-being during the hottest months.
